Neuroprotective effects of voluntary exercise and Yisaipu after traumatic brain injury in mice / 生理学报

The mechanisms underlying exercise-induced neuroprotective effects after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remained elusive, and there is a lack of effective treatments for TBI. In this study, we investigated the effects of an integrative approach of exercise and Yisaipu (TNFR-IgG fusion protein, TNF inhibitor) in a mouse TBI model. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a sedentary group or a group that followed a voluntary exercise regimen. The effects of 6-week prophylactic preconditioning exercise (PE) alone or in combination with post-TBI Yisaipu treatment on moderate TBI associated deficits were examined. The results showed that combined treatments of PE and post-TBI Yisaipu were superior to single treatments on reducing sensorimotor and gait dysfunctions in mice. These functional improvements were accompanied by reduced systemic inflammation largely via decreased serum TNF-α, boosted autophagic flux, and mitigated lesion volume after TBI. Given these neuroprotective effects, composite approaches such as a combination of exercise and TNF inhibitor may be a promising strategy for facilitating functional recovery from TBI and are worth further investigation.

Comparative study of different intestinal loop labeling methods under the aid of single balloon enteroscopy for ERCP / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To compare the effect of different intestinal loop labeling methods under single balloon enteroscopy for ERCP. Method From June 2015 to May 2017, 36 cases of single balloon enteroscopy assisted ERCP patients, according to the study period divided into A, B, C three groups, In group A, the afferent loops were confirmed by titanium clips, labeled intestinal loops, and the B group was identified by methylene blue labeling and intestinal loops, and the C group was the control group, the operation time of the 3 groups was recorded (the starting time of operation, the time of reaching the nipple of the input loop or the time of the Roux-en-Y biliary anastomosis), the incidence of complications and the success rate of operation. Results The operation time was 42.17 min in group A and 59.83 min in group C, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01),There was no statistically significant difference between group A and group B, group B and group C (P > 0.05), the complication rate and the operation success rate were not statistically different between the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion The operation time of the input loop at the time of ERCP assisted by single balloon enteroscopy has a clear advantage over the examination of the intestinal loop with a titanium clip.

Up-regulation of Notch1 inhibits proliferation and differentiation of osteoclast in vitro / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to explore the effect of the up-regulation of Notch1 on osteoclastogenesis induced to osteoclasts by receptor activator for nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factors (MCSF) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) of Rosa(-notch1) mice were cultured and induced to osteoclasts by RANKL and MCSF. The BMSCs were transfected with the Ad-Cre-green fluorescent protein (GFP) virus or Ad-GFP virus. Total RNA from cells was extracted, and the gene expression levels of Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Deltal, Delta3, Delta4, Jagged1, Hes1, and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were detected at the defined stage by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Osteoclast formation was analyzed by TRAP assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells of the experimental group significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. The mRNA expression levels of Notch1, Notch3, Jagged1, Delta3, and Hesl of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, whereas the TRAP mRNA expression of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Up-regulation of Notch1 inhibit osteoclastogenesis of BMSCs induced by RANKL and MCSF in vitro.</p>

Serum galectin-3: a risk factor for vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Plasma galectin-3, a mediator of fibrogenesis and inflammation, its potential to associate with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is poorly investigated. Here, we explored its interaction with the serum galectin-3 and vascular complications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey in Zhejiang, China involving 165 men and 119 women (age range, 43 - 84 years), investigating the relationship between serum galectin-3 and vascular disease in patients with T2DM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum galectin-3 was higher in subjects with T2DM than that in control participants (27.4 vs. 17.6 ng/ml, P < 0.001). Compared with subjects with galectin-3 values in the lowest quartile, those with values in the highest quartile had an increased likelihood of vascular complications (4th quartile odds ratio (OR) 2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25 - 4.07). Increased risk of micro- or macrovascular complications correlated with serum galectin-3 concentration (ORs 11.4 and 8.5, respectively). An increased number of vascular complications was associated with high serum galectin-3 levels (P < 0.05). Patients with serum galectin-3 levels > 25 ng/ml had an elevated risk of diabetes relative to patients with levels < 10 ng/ml (OR for any vascular complication 2.64, for heart failure 3.97, for nephropathy 4.09, for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) 4.18; all P < 0.05). Complication risk was higher in patients with neurogenic, stroke, or retinopathy complications, but this difference was not significant after risk factor adjustment. Serum galectin-3 levels correlated with diabetes duration, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and albuminuria.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High galectin-3 values were associated with increased odds of developing heart failure, nephropathy, and peripheral arterial disease in patients with T2DM.</p>

Effect of proximal femoral osteoporosis on cementless hip arthroplasty: a short-term clinical analysis / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this retrospective investigation was to explore the influence of femoral osteoporosis on short-term curative effects of cementless hip arthroplasty and to evaluate the femoral metaphyseal bone mineral density (BMD) for femoral osteoporosis in order to guide prosthesis choice and rehabilitation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed 127 total arthroplasty operations between June 1999 to February 2003 and investigated 49 cementless hip replacements with the Metalcancellous cementless Lubeck II system being used in all hips. There were twenty men and twenty-nine women whose mean age at the time of the operation was 60 years (range, 52~81 years). The patients were divided into osteoporosis or normal groups according to the femoral metaphyseal BMD measured preoperatively. The average duration of follow-up was 30 months (range, 8~52 months). We evaluated all of the patients from a clinical standpoint with use of a standard-terminology questionnaire with respect to the short-term curative effects and patients' satisfaction. Hip pain status and functional ability were important indicators of treatment efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Harris hip score and patients' satisfaction in femoral osteoporosis patients who underwent noncemented hip arthroplasty were lower (P=0.004, P=0.03) while the incidence of thigh pain was higher (P=0.03) than the patients with non-osteoporosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The higher incidence of pain, as well as the decrease in function experienced by the patients in osteoporosis group, supports the case that cementless arthroplasty is not a better choice for those patients and that we had better select prosthesis based on the femoral metaphyseal BMD.</p>

Experimental study of 131I-labeled granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in SCID mouse-acute myeloid leukemia model / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic efficacy of 131I-labeled granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-SCF) in SCID mouse-acute myeloid leukemia model, and the relationship between dose and effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SCID-mouse acute myeloid leukemia model was established by injecting HL-60 cells through tail vein. GM-CSF was labeled with 131I by the chloramines-T method. SCID mice were randomly divided into 6 groups. Groups I, II and III treatment groups were given 9.25 x 10(5), 22.20 x 10(5) and 37.00 x 10(5) Bq of 131I-GM-CSF, respectively. Group IV was given 131I. Group V was given blending of 131I and GM-CSF. Group VI was control. Changes of HL-60 cells in blood and marrow, as well as white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets in blood were detected. Survival time of the SCID mice was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>It was observed that WBC, HL-60 cells in blood and marrow were less in treatment groups than that in control groups, especially in groups II, III. After 2 weeks of treatment, BPC of II, III groups increased remarkably (P < 0.01). Survival time of the SCID mice was prolonged in treatment groups (P < 0.01), especially in group III, the longest survival time of 60 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>131I-GM-CSF could increase leukemic SCID mice survival rate. The therapeutic efficacy of low dose and mediate dose of 131I-GM-CSF is dose-dependent. 131I-GM-CSF is an effective radiation immunity therapy for leukemic mice.</p>

Biodistribution study of 131I-gM-CSF in SCID mice bearing human leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the biodistribution of 131I-GM-CSF in SCID mice bearing human AML in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The xenograft model of human leukemia was established in SCID mice. In the leukemia mice, the biodistribution of 131I-GM-CSF produced by chlo amine-T method was studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1)The inoculated HL-60 cells could grow in SCID mice, which developed leukemia after 4 weeks. (2) 131 I-GM-CSF was concentrated in spleen, bone marrow and tumor tissue of the mice. In spleen and bone marrow, 131 I-GM-CSF was uptaken to peak in 30 minutes after injection, the up taking rate was (442. 9+/-86. 4) % ID/g and (4283. 8+/-252. 8)% ID/g, respectively, and maintained on higher level in 24 hours. The injection of 131I resulted in an even distribution in the whole body.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>131 I-GM-CSF is able to concentrate electively in spleen, bone marrow and organs infiltrated by leukemia cells. The biodistribution of 131I-GM-CSF in the leukemia mice is tissue specific.</p>

Dynamics of vascular volume and hemodilution of lactated Ringer's solution in patients during induction of general and epidural anesthesia / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the dynamics of vascular volume and the plasma dilution of lactated Ringer's solution in patients during the induction of general and epidural anesthesia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hemodilution of i.v. infusion of 1000 ml of lactated Ringer's solution over 60 min was studied in patients undergoing general (n=31) and epidural (n=22) anesthesia. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration were measured every 5 min during the study. Surgery was not started until the study period had been completed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>General anesthesia caused the greater decrease of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (mean 15% versus 9%; P<0.01) and thereby followed by a more pronounced plasma dilution, blood volume expansion (VE) and blood volume expansion efficiency (VEE). A strong linear correlation between hemodilution and the reduction in MAP (r=-0.50; P<0.01) was found. At the end of infusion, patients undergoing general anesthesia retained 47% (SD 19%) of the infused fluid in the circulation, while epidural anesthesia retained 29% (SD 13%) (P<0.001). Correspondingly, a fewer urine output (mean 89 ml versus 156 ml; P<0.05) and extravascular expansion (454 ml versus 551 ml; P<0.05) were found during general anesthesia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We concluded that the induction of general anesthesia caused more hemodilution, volume expansion and volume expansion efficiency than epidural anesthesia, which was triggered only by the lower MAP.</p>

Stereotactic combined amygdala and hippocampus lesions for treatment of medial temporal lobe epilepsy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the techniques of stereotactic combined amygdalohippocampotomy for management of medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Leksell stereotactic frame was used for all cases, and which almost paralleled the long axis of hippocampus. Stereotactic amygdalohippocampotomy was performed in 23 patients with unilateral medial temporal lobe seizures by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) localization for target planning, depth electrode for the electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring and radiofrequency techniques for lesion production. All procedures were completed under local anesthesia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pre-lesion spikes or polyspike-waves complex were recorded by a depth electrode in the amygdala and hippocampus region in all patients, and the epileptiform discharges disappeared after the amygdalohippocampotomy. The MRI appearance of the lesion areas after 1 - 2 weeks surgical operation showed that mutiple areas of coagulation necrosis corresponding to the lesion sites were surrounded by zones of edema. Twenty-three patients were followed-up to 8 - 32 months with seizure free 43.48% (10/23), and the general efficiency (seizure reduction >or= 50%) was 91.30% (21/23 cases).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Stereotactic combined lesions of unilateral amygdala and hippocampus for minimally invasive treatment of MTLE is safe and effective, and it is worth to spread in clinical application.</p>

DNA damage, Bcl-2, Bax expression and ultrastructure change in spermatogenic cell of mice exposed to cadmium / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study DNA damage, Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and ultrastructure change in spermatogenic cell of mice by cadmium exposure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four male mice were divided into 4 groups: 3 groups treated with cadmium chloride of 1, 5, 10 micromol x kg(-1) x d(-1) i.p. respectively for 5 days, and one normal saline control group. The DNA damage of spermatogenic cell by single-cell gel electrophoresis technology was detected. The expression positive rate of Bcl-2, Bax protein in spermatogenic cell by the immunohistochemical method was assayed, and the ultrastructural change of spermatogenic cell by the transmission electron microscope was observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DNA damage rates of of spermatogenic cell in 1, 5, 10 micromol/kg cadmium chloride groups were higher than that of normal group (P < 0.001). Bcl-2 protein expression positive rates were lower than that of normal group (P < 0.001). Bax protein positive expression rate in 5 micromol/kg group was higher than those in normal group, and 1, 10 micromol/kg groups. The ultrastructure of karyotis, karyotheca, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum in three treated groups had different degree of damage and the degree of ultrastructural change was increasing with rising concentration of cadmium.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cadmium exposure will cause the DNA break, Bcl-2 and Bax protein abnormal expression and ultrastructural change in spermatogenic cell.</p>

Effects of Medical Treatment of Urinary Calculi in 112 Infants under Three Years Old with A History of Fee-ding Melamine-Contaminated Milk Powder / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To summarize the effects of medical treatment of urinary calculi in 112 infants under 3 years old with a history of feeding melamine-contaminated milk powder.Methods All the infants with a history of feeding melamine-contaminated milk powder[73 male,39 females;aged(14.43?8.63) months] were diagnosed with type-B ultrasonic,and through the main treatment procedures were 50 g/L sodium bicarbonate(0.5 mL/kg,intrarenous injection) and fluid infusion.The dosage of drugs were timely adjusted according to the monitored uine pH.Hemodialysis was performed in the patients with renal failure.These were decided on the basis of the effect of medical treatment.Results During their hospitalization of 3 to 25 days,56 cases obtained full response,49 cases showed partial response and 7 cases demonstrated no response.The mean diameters of calculi were(4.77?3.16) mm,(8.13?3.79) mm and(6.92?2.65) mm,and the average pH values were 5.64?0.11,5.75?0.10 and 6.38?0.31 in full response,partial response and no response groups,respectively.The average pH value in no response group was significantly higher than that in full response group(P0.05).Conclusions Medical treatment can help to obtain considerable therapeutic effects for infants under 3 years old with urinary melamine calculi.Treatment response has shown partial relationship with the size of urinary calculi and pre-treatment urine pH,while no relationship is found to be related to infants′ age.

Changes in dietary patterns and certain nutrition-related diseases in urban and rural residents of Jiangsu Province, China, during the 1990s / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate into the changes of dietary patterns and their impacts on health of urban and rural residents in Jiangsu Province, China during the 1990s.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>On the basis of the results of food consumption survey, the calorie intake was calculated according to the balanced diet method and the quality of diet was assessed by scores of desirable dietary pattern (DDP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was found that food consumption and dietary patterns changed remarkably during the 1990s. Grain consumption was decreasing year by year, but the consumption of animal food was markedly increasing. Although the score of desirable dietary pattern (DDP) in urban residents was more than 90, the deducted score due to over-consumption of animal food increased. The mortality from infectious diseases evidently decreased in the whole province, while the death rates of some chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, colorectal cancer and breast cancer, were increasing rapidly in urban areas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sufficient attention should be paid to the negative effects of change in dietary patterns on people's health, especially in the urban residents.</p>

Ultrasonic Characteristics of Urinary Calculus in Infants with History of Feeding Melamine Contaminated Milk Powder / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To summarize the ultrasonic characteristics of urinary calculus in infants who had history of feeding melamine contaminated milk powder.Methods A total of 163 children[aged(19.4?10.9)months] with urolithiasis,who had feeding melamine contaminated milk powder,were retrospectively analyzed using ultrasonography.Twenty children [aged(16.7?9.9)months] with urolit-hiasis,who had no feeding history of melamine contaminated milk powder,were chosen as controls.Ultrasonic characteristics were compared between the 2 groups.Results For melamine calculus cases,sporadic spot or hyperechic mass with different size and shape in the collecting system,partly without acoustic shadow,was found in 65 cases;dense echo and luminous belt with obscured acoustic shadow under a band without echo was found in 48 ureteral calculus cases;irregular strong echo mass or small spot with thick acoustic shadows without side lobe artifact in the dark liquid areas was found in 8 cases with bladder calculus.There was significant difference in morphology of the calculus(P0.05).Conclusions The unique ultrasonic characteristics in infants with melamine calculus had become a very useful tool to diagnose the pediatric urinary melamine calculus.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2009,24(1):67-69